Looking for Parity in the Gender Pay Gap Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Looking for Parity in the Gender Pay Gap - Essay Example The gender pay gap remains a major hindrance to gender equality. There are a number of theoretical explanations of this phenomenon that help identify the various forces contributing to the gender segregation process. These theories can be classified into three: institutional, structural, and individual. This essay discusses these three theories, but it is the contention of the author that no particular explanation is adequate to completely give explanation for the presence of gender segregation. Every theory provides a distinctive explanation of how gender segregation works. The first section briefly discusses the historical roots of gender pay gap, particularly in the UK. The discussion then focuses on the theories, the supply- and demand-side. Basically, this essay critically assesses the argument that gender pay gap is fair in that it reflects the differing work and care priorities of men and women. Historical Roots of Gender Pay Gap In the 1940s, the post-war welfare state in the UK was rooted in the idea that men are the breadwinner while women are the housekeepers. Both the occupational system and the benefit system relied on this idea of a male breadwinner. Nevertheless, the idea was subjected to heavy scrutiny in the 1960s and 1970s, driven by the evolving labour market conditions and by the demands of the Women’s Movement (Bagilhole, 2009, p. 11).... The differences between the occupational profile of men and women, the comparative gap between full-time and part-time employment, and the level of participation of women in the labour market are commonly emphasised as having a considerable effect on the GPG (Grimshaw & Rubery, 2007; Blau & Kahn, 2001). The discourse on the importance of individual objectives against structural limitations has an extensive history in the social sciences. This section discusses two theories of gender wage inequality: Hakim’s Preference theory/Rational Choice and the Human Capital theory. Hakim disputes what she believes is the prevailing feminist perspective on the patterns of female employment. She believes that part-time employment or career breaks are decisions made by women willingly because of their obligations at home and the inadequate availability of childcare services (Davis, Evans, & Lorber, 2006). Instead, the underprivileged position of women in the labour market manifests the conse quences of their changing work preferences. Hakim explains that both men and women are the driving forces in their own lives, hence â€Å"self-classification as a primary earner or secondary earner is determined by chosen identities, rather than imposed by external circumstance or particular jobs† (Davis et al., 2006, p. 255). Basically, the core assumption of Hakim is that the employment experiences of women are mostly the outcome of these women’s decisions. Hakim illustrates, more accurately, that part-time employment is preferred by women, referred to as ‘grateful slaves’, mostly committed to their domestic obligations. On the contrary, ‘self-made women’,

Gun control in my community and nationally Essay

Gun control in my community and nationally - Essay Example countries like Switzerland and Germany, the rate of gun ownership is three times the number of legal gun ownership in America making gun related violence a matter of motive rather than ownership (Sowell, 2012). Further, this matter encompasses the issues on rules, restriction on the use of firearms, ownership, distribution, and regulations surrounding the same. On one hand, the acquisition of a gun may be for protection purposes while on the other hand, the acquisition of a gun may be for criminal activity. In recent times, policy makers have formulated policies aiming at gun control that are not yet law. With these aspects in mind, this argumentative essay will negate the argument that proposed federal legislation on gun ownership should become law. Presently, critics are of the idea that control of those who carry guns is the suitable approach as compared to controlling the spread of guns. According Watkins from the Detroit Green haven Press, his attribute influenced a bill by Senator Schumer Manchin Toomey on background checks for those intending to buy guns. In recent times, America has witnessed a number of shootings in inner city district schools and public schools where innocent children and civilians have met their sudden demise. This factor has triggered debate on the need to effect gun control measures as a way of preventing further loss of life. According to Killough from CNN, President Obama intimated the need to revisit these regulations in order to replace them with effective laws, but the timing for this was wrong because families were still in mourning. Across America, this bill has received intense backing from quarters that are pro the gun control idea. In the case for school shootings, the question that author ities grapple with is how the kids accessed the guns in the first place. This means that the gun owners have become reckless in how they choose to store their guns. However, most guns in crimes scenes are stolen hence making it hard to